Manganese-doped polyaniline electrodes as high-performance supercapacitors with superior energy density and prolonged shelf life

Manganese-doped polyaniline electrodes as high-performance supercapacitors with superior energy density and prolonged shelf life

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The rising energy ultimatum has urged a paradigm shift from conventional to non-conventional, green, and clean energy sources to indulge supply and demand.In light of this, manganese-doped polyaniline was synthesized via the In-situ oxidative polymerization method and was employed as material milwaukee 49-22-5603 for supercapacitor electrodes.The doping of PANI by manganese was confirmed from EDX and XPS analysis.Electrochemical studies uncovered an areal capacitance of 776 mF/cm2 at a current density of 1 mA/cm2, gravimetric capacitance of 995 F/g at 1 A/g, 99% coulombic efficiency, and a capacitive retention of 86.5% was observed after 20,000 cycles at a current density of 35 mA/cm2 by the fabricated coin cell device.

The shelf life performance of the coin cell was analyzed after 400 days and underwent a long run for welding mirror with magnet one lakh cycles, which revealed a capacitive retention of 71% at 1 mA/cm2 and a stable coulombic efficiency of 96% throughout the cycling.From the performance analysis, the manganese-doped PANI claims to serve as an excellent electrode for supercapacitor applications.